What Is ASPM (Application Security Posture Management)?

What Is Application Security Posture Management (ASPM)?

Application Security Posture Management (ASPM) is an AppSec platform that continuously assesses, manages, and enhances the security of today’s modern applications to improve the overall risk posture of an organization. ASPM provides visibility, detection, correlation, prioritization, and remediation of security vulnerabilities and defects across the entire software development lifecycle (SDLC).

Code to cloud coverage is achieved by ingesting data from multiple sources – like application security testing (AST) tools, repo data, and more – then analyzing these findings to identify the most critical risks to the business. 

ASPM platforms act as a management and orchestration layer for security tooling, so that you can enable controls and enforce security policies. By providing consolidated application security findings on one platform, ASPM delivers a comprehensive view of security and risk across an entire organization while also ​​facilitating the management and remediation of individual findings.

ASPM delivers a number of key functionalities, including:

• Code to Cloud Visibility: ASPM provides a complete view of your SDLC, including your code, tooling, processes, and data from operational environments such as cloud platforms, containers, and physical infrastructure. ASPM continuously monitors and identifies vulnerabilities, tool misconfigurations, and other potential weaknesses. 
• Vulnerability Scanning: ASPM tools regularly scan applications for known security issues. This involves using a wide range of native and third-party testing tools, such as secrets scanning, SCA, and SAST.
• Prioritization and Risk Management: ASPM allows organizations to prioritize and manage security risks associated with their applications. This helps security teams to make informed decisions about which vulnerabilities need to be addressed first based on their potential impact on the organization.
• Remediation and Mitigation: Once vulnerabilities are identified, ASPM provides guidance on how to remediate or mitigate them. This can involve suggesting code changes, configuration adjustments, or the application of security patches.
• Compliance Reporting: ASPM solutions help organizations with compliance reporting to maintain security policies, standards, and regulations such as SSDF, SOC 2, and ISO 27001.
• Reporting and Analytics: ASPM tools generate reports and analytics that help organizations understand the security posture of their applications over time. These reports can be used to track progress, demonstrate compliance, and make informed decisions.

ASPM platforms assess and enhance the security of an organization’s applications while reducing AppSec chaos. It is essential for protecting organizations against cyber threats that target the application layer.

Why is ASPM important?

With virtually every company now being a software company, applications have become the engines of growth, and code the “crown jewels” of the modern enterprise. Experts talk about this shift in depth in this book: Code Resilience in the Age of ASPM. 

But managing the security of this code as it flows through complex pipelines and disparate environments is no small task. Without ASPM, organizations are left with blind spots, limited visibility, and a higher likelihood of vulnerabilities slipping through the cracks.

But with ASPM, organizations can:

Stop Code Risks Before They Start Prevent 

Without ASPM, vulnerabilities often go undetected until it’s too late, leading to potential data breaches, costly downtime, and reputational damage. ASPM stops code risks before they even start.

Reduce Developer Productivity Tax

ASPM reduces “developer productivity tax” by allowing teams to focus on vulnerabilities that matter most instead of being sidetracked by minor issues or drowning in false positives. ASPM focuses on risks that matter most.

Lower Total Cost of Ownership

ASPM consolidates essential tools into one cohesive platform, streamlining the entire application security process. ASPM gives the optionality to replace Appsec point solutions with one complete platform thus lowering the total cost of ownership. 

Simplify the Complexity of Managing Application Security

In a complex security environment, managing application security manually can lead to inefficiencies and human error. ASPM removes this burden by automating security oversight, reducing the risk of manual mistakes and giving teams peace of mind that critical issues won’t slip through the cracks.

Speed Up Time-to-Remediation

When vulnerabilities are discovered late or across disconnected tools, addressing them becomes a lengthy, challenging process. ASPM streamlines this by bringing all security data into one unified view, enabling quicker response times. This helps to avoid delays that could impact production and reduces time spent on fixing known issues.

Enable Strategic Resource Allocation

Without ASPM, teams can be overwhelmed by alerts and – as a result – waste resources on less-critical vulnerabilities while neglecting those that could pose real threats to the business. ASPM helps prioritize issues based on risk, so teams can focus their efforts on the vulnerabilities that matter most, improving overall efficiency and reducing wasted effort.

Protects Business Continuity and Customer Trust

Every missed vulnerability can potentially disrupt service, compromise data, or erode customer confidence. ASPM plays a critical role in ensuring that application security doesn’t become a weak link, ultimately protecting the business’s continuity, reputation, and customer trust.

Where Does ASPM Fit in a Broader Cybersecurity Strategy?

ASPM is a vital component of a comprehensive cybersecurity strategy. 

In a landscape where threats are diverse and persistent, ASPM brings a dedicated focus on application security by covering multiple aspects essential to safeguarding the application lifecycle. This includes:

• Pipeline and Build Security
• Posture Management
• Compliance
• Application Security Testing

We explore each of these in more depth later in the article (click here to jump down the page). 

While other layers of security protect infrastructure, networks, and endpoints, ASPM focuses on application security, providing the specific tools needed to protect code—the foundation of a company’s digital assets.

By integrating ASPM within a broader security framework, organizations gain an effective, risk-focused approach that enhances the security of applications, aligns with regulatory requirements, and complements other cybersecurity efforts to build a resilient defense-in-depth strategy.

What Are Some ASPM Use Cases?

Overall, Application Security Posture Management (ASPM) solutions help organizations proactively manage the security of their applications, reduce the attack surface, decrease MTTR, and enhance security posture. They represent the next evolution of application security and play a crucial role in modern cybersecurity. Applications are often the primary target of cyberattacks, and their security is of paramount importance to protect sensitive data and ensure business continuity.

Still trying to understand the specific applications of Application Security Posture Management (ASPM) tools? Here are some use cases that demonstrate their value:

Visibility & Optionality

According to the State of ASPM 2024 report, 80% of application security professionals say that managing multiple security point solutions is challenging. That’s not a surprise when you realize that the average AppSec team uses 49 tools.This leads to fragmented visibility and management challenges.

ASPM platforms unify various security tools and data sources into a single interface, simplifying management and enhancing visibility across the CI/CD pipeline and SDLC. 

Importantly, ASPM solutions can consolidate your existing third-party tools or act more like a replacement, with native tools for SAST, SCA, and more built in. 

The result? Reduced complexity, improved efficiency, and cost savings.

Prioritization and Risk Management

81% security and development leaders say that teams experience too much vulnerability noise and alert fatigue. ASPM helps reduce alert fatigue by analyzing factors like potential business impact, exploitability, and severity, and assigning a risk score to each vulnerability. 

This data-driven approach ensures that security teams can focus their efforts on the vulnerabilities that pose the greatest threat to the organization, ultimately improving overall security posture and minimizing the potential damage from a cyberattack.

Enhanced Collaboration Between Security and Development Teams

ASPM platforms bridge the gap between security and development teams by seamlessly integrating security checks into the SDLC. This early integration enables developers to identify and fix vulnerabilities much sooner in the development process, leading to several key benefits:

• Reduced rework: By catching vulnerabilities early, developers can fix them before code is integrated into the larger codebase. This reduces the need for costly work later in the development cycle.
• Faster development cycles: Early identification and remediation of vulnerabilities minimizes delays caused by security reviews or bug fixes closer to release. This translates to faster development cycles and quicker time-to-market for new features.
• Empowered developers: ASPM integration within developer workflows equips developers with the tools and context they need to write secure code from the start. This fosters a culture of security ownership within development teams.
• Enhanced security posture: By proactively addressing vulnerabilities early, organizations can significantly improve their overall application security posture and reduce the attack surface for potential threats.

Compliance and Reporting

ASPM platforms take the complexity out of compliance management, transforming it into a streamlined and efficient process. By automating report generation for security standards like SOC 2 and ISO 27001, they eliminate the manual work that used to burden security teams, freeing up critical time and resources. 

ASPM’s robust reporting capabilities provide auditors with a clear, comprehensive view of your organization’s security posture, making audits smoother and quicker. Ultimately, ASPM ensures your applications adhere to relevant security policies and regulations, reducing the risk of non-compliance and avoiding potential financial penalties.

Incident Response and Remediation

A relentless stream of vulnerabilities can overwhelm security teams, while sluggish remediation times expose organizations to potential data breaches and financial losses.

ASPM platforms directly address these challenges by empowering both security and development teams. They don’t just identify vulnerabilities; they offer clear, step-by-step instructions for developers to fix or mitigate threats and offer tools like bulk remediation that enable developers to address vulnerabilities within their familiar workflows to minimize disruption to development cycles. 

This collaborative approach leads to a significant reduction in Mean Time to Remediate (MTTR), ensuring vulnerabilities are addressed swiftly and effectively.

Core Components of a Complete ASPM Platform

To be considered complete, an ASPM platform must include several components. It should cover pipeline security, application security, and posture management. Complete ASPMs should also provide you with native scanners, while allowing you the flexibility to use any third-party scanners. An ASPM that does not provide any native scanners or has limited coverage is considered incomplete or standalone.

Pipeline Security

Development pipelines are a significant blindspot in AppSec. Securing them is essential as it helps safeguard your applications and sensitive data. Considering the number of high profile breaches that have resulted from exposed secrets or compromised developer accounts, pipeline security should be considered a fundamental part of your application security strategy.

Pipeline security should cover the following:

• Secrets Scanning: Find and fix all secrets across the SDLC. Prevent new secrets in code with developer friendly workflows.
• CI/CD Security: Manage CI/CD security policies like least privilege as well as the governance of source control across all your DevOps tools.
• Code Leaks: Minimize the risk of code leakage, alert on suspicious behavior, and identify actual leaks of your proprietary code to help you contain them quickly.

Application Security

For many companies, your application is the lifeblood of your organization. Protecting it is essential to your business. Organizations must ensure that they are delivering innovative and secure software to their customers. To do otherwise is to risk financial losses, reputation damage, and legal consequences.

Complete ASPM solutions should provide a range of native AppSec scanners that can replace existing legacy tooling. At a minimum, ASPM should cover the following: 

• Software Composition Analysis (SCA): Modern codebases are 80-90% open source libraries, where new vulnerabilities can be publicly disclosed at any time. SCA helps you find and fix vulnerable dependencies in your open source and third-party components.
• Static Application Security Testing (SAST): Eliminating custom code vulnerabilities should be done as early in development as possible. SAST prevents problems that could make your application vulnerable to attacks.
• IaC Security: Given the ephemeral nature of cloud infrastructure, organizations need to prevent cloud misconfigurations and apply security standards to Kubernetes, Terraform, CloudFormation, and more.
• Container Scanning: Scan your containers for vulnerabilities or weaknesses that could be exploited by hackers. Find potential threats before they can be exploited.

Application Risk

For an ASPM solution to be truly effective, it must be both open and flexible. This means providing native scanners as well as allowing for third-party integrations for those organizations that want to keep their existing scanning tools. 

Some organizations may not want to take on the time and effort associated with implementing a new scanner. If an organization has a scanner that has been fine-tuned to meet their needs, they shouldn’t be forced to adopt a new tool.

ASPM platforms need to be able to combine data from both native scanners and third-party scanners to accommodate organizations’ needs. At the same time, ASPM solutions must provide native scanners to facilitate tool consolidation or  to fill in any gaps in scanning that an organization might have.

What Are the Benefits of ASPM?

A complete ASPM allows organizations to select and connect the scanners that are right for them. It also helps organizations prioritize vulnerabilities based on business risk, exploitability, and severity. Finally, ASPM improves the management and remediation of alerts. Security and developer teams benefit in a number of ways.

1. Correlation and Orchestration

The true power of an ASPM platform is its ability to provide context for each vulnerability. By contextualizing vulnerabilities, ASPM helps organizations garner deep insights into both individual defects and overall risk posture. 

Correlation and orchestration are important in eliminating false positives. They allow you to understand when multiple alerts relate to one root cause. This, in turn, minimizes alert fatigue, eliminates blindspots, and improves prioritization and remediation.

2. Tool Consolidation

By centralizing all security tooling and data across the SDLC into one platform, organizations can eliminate silos and context switching, remove blind spots, and gain better context into risk. This increased visibility and context helps security teams reduce the noise generated by deduplicating alerts. Tool consolidation also reduces costs by eliminating point solution license fees and by freeing up the personnel who manage those tools. 

The efficiency gained by using a complete ASPM platform makes it feel as if the ratio of security to developers has decreased to 1:20 without needing to expand AppSec staff.

3. End-to-End Security

Because prioritization, risk management, remediation, and mitigation are all core functionalities of ASPM platforms, organizations are able to reduce noise by up to 90% and protect their entire SDLC from the most critical 1% of vulnerabilities. 

This, of course, helps organizations innovate securely, meet regulatory and compliance requirements, and prevent costly data breaches.

4. Seamless Collaboration Between Security Teams and Developers

Shift left is a widespread but imperfect practice. It creates tension between security teams and developers. ASPM reduces this friction by giving developers the tools to fix vulnerabilities in the environments they work in every day. By providing seamless, developer-friendly workflows, ASPM promotes collaboration, making security a team sport.

5. Developer Workflows

An application security tool is worthless if developers refuse to use it. ASPM solutions are no different. For an organization to realize the full value from ASPM and promote secure coding best practices, the platform must provide developer-friendly workflows. These workflows should include such things as IDE integrations, CLI, PR scanning, and integrations with issue trackers like Jira.

To shift security left in a controlled manner, you need to meet developers where they live and breathe each day. Eliminating context switching is key to developer adoption.

Platform Comparison: Complete ASPM vs. Standalone ASPM vs. AST vs. CSPM vs. CNAPP

Complete ASPM vs. Incomplete ASPM (aka Standalone ASPM)

While many companies claim to have an ASPM platform, they don’t deliver many of the required core functionalities. So what’s the difference between complete ASPM solutions and incomplete solutions? 

A complete ASPM platform is one that has a comprehensive suite of native application security scanning tools. This includes:

• Software Composition Analysis (SCA)
• Static Application Security Testing (SAST)
• Secrets Scanning
• CI/CD Security
• Infrastructure as Code (IaC) scanning

Complete ASPM platforms also offer flexibility, allowing organizations to easily select and connect the third-party tools that are right for their unique ecosystem and requirements. 

Unlike complete solutions, Incomplete ASPM solutions rarely have scanning capabilities. Instead, they’re only able to ingest vulnerability data from third-party scanners. If they do have scanning capabilities, they’re extremely limited, lacking one or more core AST tools listed above. For example, they may scan for secrets in code, but lack SAST scanning, SCA for open source components, or the ability to detect CI/CD tool configurations. 

All of this means that organizations that rely on incomplete ASPM solutions are dependent on the vendor to provide the correct integrations, as is the case with point solutions.

ASPM vs. AST

Application security testing (AST) tools are a subset of ASPM. They are designed to scan code to pinpoint security vulnerabilities. Static Application Scanning Analysis (SAST), Software Composition Analysis (SCA), Dynamic Analysis (DAST), and Infrastructure as Code (IaC) fall under this category. Though these point solutions provide valuable vulnerability data, they generally lack the sophisticated context provided by a complete ASPM platform.

Complete ASPM, on the other hand, consolidates the findings of these point solutions to give you a broad picture of organizational risk. ASPM analyzes findings from these scanning tools, then prioritizes them to identify the most critical 1% that actually impacts your company.

With the increased context delivered by ASPM, developers are able to focus their remediation efforts on true positives that have the biggest impact on risk. ASPM also provides security teams visibility and controls to enforce security policies.

ASPM vs. CSPM

Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM) secures cloud infrastructure. This includes Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Software as a Service (Saas), and Platform as a Service (PaaS). CSPM scans for common misconfigurations and compliance violations to create a secure cloud-based infrastructure in which applications can be safely deployed.

By contrast, ASPM secures applications throughout the SDLC. It helps organizations identify, prioritize, and remediate security risks from code to cloud. Complete ASPM platforms monitor and identify security risks in applications in both on-premises and cloud-based environments, and leverage a combination of automation, data correlation, and risk assessment to provide organizations with a comprehensive view of their application security posture.

ASPM vs. CNAPP

ASPM and Cloud Native Application Protection Platform (CNAPP) both play an important role in enhancing the security of modern applications, but they differ in their scope, functionality, and integration capabilities.

CNAPP focuses on cloud-native applications, providing tailored protections for containerized workloads, microservices, and APIs within dynamic cloud environments. This includes features like container image scanning, runtime protection for containers, and API security controls specific to cloud-native architectures.

CNAPPs generally integrate with container orchestration platforms like Kubernetes and cloud services, providing security controls that align with the dynamic nature of cloud-native deployments.

Complete ASPM platforms, on the other hand, assess and manage the overall security posture of applications, delivering a holistic view of vulnerabilities across diverse environments. ASPM integrates with various security tools and address security throughout the application lifecycle. 

How to Evaluate an ASPM Platform

ASPM helps organizations unify findings across security tools, ensures visibility of application risk, and drives efficiency in the prioritization and remediation of threats.

Because ASPM is a new tool, security teams may be unsure how to evaluate new solutions. 

Choosing the Right Solution

When evaluating a complete ASPM platform, consider these 10 questions before purchasing a new tool:

1. Does it integrate with the tools (AppSec scanners, ticketing systems, CI/CD tools) you currently use? Does it have the flexibility to integrate with future tools?
2. Does it deliver its own high-quality AppSec scanners for Secrets, SCA, SAST, CI/CD tools, IaC, and more?
3. Does it provide visibility, prioritization, and remediation of vulnerabilities? Can you easily build custom policies and workflows?
4. How sophisticated are its automation and orchestration capabilities?
5. How accurate is the platform in identifying false positives/false negatives and deduplicating alerts?
6. Is the user interface simple and intuitive? Are reporting dashboards comprehensive, yet easy to use?
7. Does it integrate with developer workflows to identify defects early in the SDLC?
8. Does it satisfy governance and compliance requirements?
9. Does it build collaboration between security teams and developers?
10. Does it use AI to improve the overall efficacy and accuracy of the tool, for example, fine-tuning results, providing context, or allowing users to build queries using natural language.  

Measuring the Success of Your ASPM Program

The following key performance indicators (KPIs) are helpful when measuring the success of your new ASPM program. You’ll notice that these KPIs look at an organization’s overall security posture, efficiency metrics, as well as the developer experience:

1. Vulnerability detection rate 
2. False positive rate
3. Mean time to remediate
4. Coverage of application portfolio
5. Compliance adherence
6. Number of high-risk vulnerabilities
7. Incident response time
8. Cost of remediation
9. Developer feedback on tool usability 
10. Incident response collaboration

Want to move the needle on these metrics and more? Innovative, software-first companies like PayPal, Solaris, and Rapyd all have implemented Cycode’s complete ASPM.

Want to learn more about Complete ASPM?

Cycode is leading the conversation on ASPM and has always been laser-focused on empowering professionals with the knowledge they need to build successful, cross-functional strategies.

Bonus: we consistently leverage first-hand insights and learnings from external experts at some of the world’s top organizations. Because nothing beats learning from peers in the industries, right?

Check out these free resources to get ahead in ASPM:

1. ASPM Book: Code Resiliency in the AGE of ASPM
2. ASPM University
3. Key Insights from ASPM Nation
4. Annual State of ASPM report
5. ASPM Zen Newsletter
6. ASPM Trailblazers
7. CyGives Developer Tools

Gain Peace of Mind With Cycode’s Complete ASPM

Cycode is the leading Application Security Posture Management (ASPM) platform, providing peace of mind to its customers. Its complete ASPM platform scales and standardizes developer security without slowing down the business, delivering safe code, faster. Cycode replaces existing application security testing tools or integrates with them while providing cyber resiliency through unmatched visibility, risk-driven prioritization and just-in-time remediation of code vulnerabilities at scale. Cycode’s Risk Intelligence Graph (RIG), the brain behind the platform, provides traceability across the entire SDLC through natural language. 

Here’s what sets us apart:

• Cycode lets you use our own scanners or connects your third-party scanner.
• Our Risk Intelligence Graph (RIG) provides unmatched visibility, accuracy, prioritization, and traceability across the entire SDLC.
• Cycode was founded by developers and is the only platform that brings together security and development teams.
• Our world-class research team delivers security notifications on zero-day threats within the platform.

Want to learn more about Cycode’s complete ASPM platform? Book a demo now to find out how we can help you achieve faster time to value, reduce critical vulnerabilities, and remediate faster.